Artis Malaysia Hot. Nursing Leukaemia In Children. Leukemia, Childhood. Pathophysiology: lymphoid leukemia, or acute lymphocytic (acute lymphoid, lymphocytic, leukemia, ALL) is a network of cancer that produces white blood cells (leukocytes). Immature leukocytes produced in excessive amounts or abnormal, and leukocyte-leukocyte was invaded various organs. Leukemik cells infiltrate into the bone marrow, replace the elements of a normal cell. Consequently, anemia, and red blood cells produced in insufficient quantities. Bleeding arise due to the declining number of circulating platelets. Infection also occurred more frequently due to the reduced number of normal leukocytes. Invasion leukemik cells into vital organs causing hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and lymphadenopathy. Acute non lymphoid leukemia (acute nonlymphoid leukemia, ANLL) includes several types of leukemia herikut: mieloblastik acute leukemia, acute monoblastik leukemia, and acute leukemia mielositik. Arise bone marrow dysfunction, which causes a decreased number of red blood cells, neutrons, and platelets. Leukemik cells infiltrate the lymph nodes, spleen, liver, bone, and central nervous system (CNS), as well as the reproductive organs. Kloroma or Kaposi granulositik found in a number of children affected.
MEDICAL MANAGEMENT : treatment protocols vary according to type of leukemia and type of drugs given to children. The process of induction of remission in children consists of three phases: induction, consolidation and maintenance. During the induction phase (approximately 3 to 6 weeks) the child, receive a variety of chemotherapeutic agents for induction of remission. Intensive therapy was extended from 2 to 3 weeks during the consolidation phase to prevent the involvement of the central nervous system and other vital organs. Therapy to prevent CNS disease is important. Maintenance therapy is given for several years after diagnosis to prolong remission. Some drugs used for children's leukemia is prednisone, vincristine, asparaginase, methotrexate, merkaptopurin, cytarabine, allopurinol, cyclophosphamide, and daunorubicin.
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